Hungary

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The Hungary

Guide about hungary

Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. It is bordered by Slovakia to the
north, Ukraine to the northeast, Romania to the east and southeast, Serbia to the
south, Croatia and Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. 

Hungary has a population of nearly 10 million people. Budapest is the country’s capital and largest city; other major urban areas include Debrecen, Szeged, Miskolc, Pécs and Győr. Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and has been part of the Schengen Area since 2007. Hungary has a long history of significant contributions to arts, music, literature, sports, science and technology. It is a member of numerous international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO, WTO, World Bank, IIB, the AIIB, the Council of Europe, and the Visegrád Group. Hungarian is the official and predominant spoken language in Hungary

Geography

Hungary’s geography has traditionally been defined by its two main waterways,
the Danube and Tisza rivers. Hungary has a temperate seasonal climate, with generally warm summers with low overall humidity levels but frequent rain showers and cold snowy winters.

Lake Balaton

It is the largest lake in Central Europe. The mountainous region of the northern shore is known both for its historic character and as a major wine region, while the flat southern shore is known for its resort towns.

Government and politics

The Government of Hungary exercises executive power in Hungary. It is led by the
Prime Minister, and is composed of various ministers. It is the principal organ of public administration. Since the fall of communism, Hungary has a multi-party system. Following the Hungarian parliamentary election, the current prime minister, Viktor dOrbán is serving with his government since 18 May 2018.

The President of the Republic serves as the head of state and is elected by the
National Assembly every five years. The president is invested primarily with
representative responsibilities and powers: receiving foreign heads of state, formally nominating the Prime Minister at the recommendation of the National Assembly, and serving as Commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

The Prime Minister is elected by the National Assembly, serving as the head of
government and exercising executive power. Traditionally, the Prime Minister is the
leader of the largest party in parliament.

Foreign relations

Hungary has been a member of the United Nations since December 1955 and a
member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, the WTO,
the World Bank, the AIIB and the IMF. Hungary took on the presidency of the Council of the European Union for half a year in 2011 and the next will be in 2024. In 2015, Hungary was the fifth largest OECD Non-DAC donor of development aid in the world, which represents 0.13% of its Gross National Income.

 

Hungary’s capital city, Budapest, is home to more than 100 embassies and
representative bodies as an international political actor. Since 1989, Hungary’s top foreign policy goal has been achieving integration into Western economic and security organizations.

Economy

Hungary is an export-oriented market economy with a heavy emphasis on foreign
trade, thus the country is the 36th largest export economy in the world.Hungary continues to be one of the leading nations for attracting foreign direct
investment in Central and Eastern EuropeThe key trading partners of Hungary are Germany, Austria, Romania, Slovakia, France, Italy, Poland and Czech Republic. Major industries include food processing, pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles, information technology, chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, electrical goods, and tourism.

 

Hungary is the largest electronics producer in Central and Eastern Europe.
In the past 20 years Hungary has also grown into a major center for mobile
technology, information security, and related hardware research.


Hungary maintains its own currency, the Hungarian forint (HUF).

Science and technology

Hungary’s achievements in science and technology have been significant.

Hungary has been the home of some of the most prominent researchers in various
scientific disciplines, notably physics, mathematics, chemistry and engineering. As of 2018, twelve Hungarian scientists have been recipients of a Nobel Prize. Hungary is famous for its excellent mathematics education which has trained numerous outstanding scientists.

Hungarian inventions :

  • Ballpoint pen by László Bíró, journalist, inventor (1931)
  • Electric motor by Ányos Jedlik, inventor (1828)
  • Holography by Dénes Gábor, engineer and physicist
  • Safety match by János Irinyi, inventor
  • Rubik’s Cube by Ernő Rubic, architect (1974). It was invented by a young architect to demonstrate how geometry worked in three dimensions. He created the best-selling toy of all time
  • Vitamin C by Albert Szentgyörgyi, medical researcher
  • Carbonated water by Ányos Jedlik, inventor
  • Word and Excel by Charles Simonyi, computer programmer
  • Color television by Péter Károly Goldmark, physicist

Cuisine

Typical Hungarian food is heavy on dairy, cheese and meats, similar to that of
neighboring Czech, and Slovak cuisines. Chicken, pork and beef are common, while turkey, duck, lamb, fish and game meats are mostly eaten on special occasions.


Traditional dishes such as the world-famous Goulash (gulyás stew or gulyás soup) feature prominently in Hungarian cuisine. Dishes are often flavored with paprika (ground red peppers), a Hungarian innovation. The paprika powder, obtained from a special type of pepper, is one of the most common spices used in typical Hungarian cuisine. Thick, heavy Hungarian sour cream called tejföl is often used to soften the dishes’ flavour. The famous Hungarian hot river fish soup called Fisherman’s soup or halászlé is usually a rich mixture of several kinds of poached fish.

Tourism and Recreation

Hungary is one of the 15 most popular tourist destinations in the world, with a capital regarded as one of the most beautiful in the world. Despite its relatively small size, Hungary has numerous World Heritage Sites, UNESCO Biosphere reserves, the second largest thermal lake in the world (Lake Hévíz), the largest lake in Central Europe (Lake Balaton), and the largest natural grassland in Europe (Hortobágy). The World Heritage Sites include the Buda Castle by night, Old Village of Hollókő and its Surroundings, Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst, Hortobágy National Park – the Puszta and the Tokaj Wine Region Historic Cultural Landscape.


Hungary is a land of thermal water. A passion for spa culture and Hungarian
history have been connected from the very beginning. Hungarian spas
feature Roman, Greek, Turkish, and northern country architectural elements.


Because of an advantageous geographical location, good quality thermal water can be found in great quantities on over 80% of Hungary’s territory. Approximately 1,500 thermal springs can be found in Hungary (more than 100 just in the Capital area). There are approximately 450 public baths in Hungary.

Sport

Hungarian athletes have been successful contenders in the Olympic Games, only ten countries have won more Olympic medals than Hungary, with a total of 498 medals ranking eighth in an all-time Olympic Games medal count. Hungary has the thirdhighest number of Olympic medals per capita and second-highest number of gold medals per capita in the world. Hungary has historically excelled in Olympic water sports. In water polo the Hungarian team is the leading medal winner by a significant margin and in swimming Hungarian men are fourth most successful overall, while the women are eighth-most successful overall. They have also seen success in canoeing and kayaking they are the third most successful overall.


Hungary hosted many global sport event.

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